What significant event is referred to as the Great Fire of London?

The Great Fire of London is specifically known for its outbreak in the year 1666, beginning in a bakery owned by Thomas Farriner on Pudding Lane. This catastrophic event spread rapidly through the City of London, largely due to the wooden structures and narrow streets of the time, resulting in the destruction of a vast portion of the city, including St. Paul's Cathedral.

Additionally, the historical significance of the Great Fire lies not only in the widespread damage it caused but also in its aftermath, which led to the modernization of building practices and urban planning to avoid such disasters in the future. The year of occurrence and the location of the fire are key details that firmly associate it with option B.